ToR to conduct general assessment on waste economy and stakeholder analysis

1.      Background         

BRIDGES is a job creation programme partnered with the Mastercard Foundation under its Young Africa Works strategy and envisages supporting the creation of close to 600,000 jobs for the youth (70% women) and 15,000 MSMEs, with 300,000 unemployed youth trained through supporting IP job creation initiative and market linkage between IPs and MSMEs.

As part of job creation and economic development effort, First Consult/BRIDGES is to design an innovative program around circular economy and waste management.

The Global Waste Management Market size was valued to USD 394.1 billion in 2020, and is predicted to reach USD 715.0 billion by 2030, witnessing a compound annual growth rate of 6.1% from 2021-2030.[1]

The growing population around the globe and increase in globalization has led to increase in volume of waste, which has driven the growth of the waste management market.

Additionally, illegal dumping, rise in environmental awareness, increase in pollution has led to sound growth in this sector. Moreover, increasing in industrialization in developing countries, which disposes enormous amount of waste, also fuels the growth of the waste management market. However, increasing recycling costs, land fill prices and fuel cost hampers the growth of the market.

Solid waste is material such as household garbage (includes recycling), food wastes, yard wastes, and demolition or construction debris. It also includes discarded items like household appliances, furniture, scrap metal, machinery, car parts and abandoned or junk vehicles.[2]

Based on the sources/origin of waste, solid waste can be classified as residential (domestic or household), commercial, institutional, construction demolition, industrial waste, agricultural waste, etc.

The World Bank estimates that overall waste generation will increase to 3.40 billion metric tons by 2050, 1.4 billion tons coming from Africa. Currently, about 2.01 billion metric tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) are produced annually worldwide. An estimated 13.5% of today’s waste is recycled and 5.5% is composted.  [3]

The modern waste collection methods of the economically developed countries can collect more than 90% of waste and recycle around 20% of what is collected. On the other hand, in Africa, including Ethiopia, the waste collection is less than 40% with only around 4% recycled. Such low rate of recycling, significantly affect Ethiopian economy economic performance.

The Ethiopian economy is highly dependent on the import of industrial outputs because of the low capacity of local industries and the lack of raw materials, like plastic, aluminium and paper.  Ethiopia also has a foreign currency shortage due to this high demand for industrial outputs from abroad. Recycling can play a role in helping solve the vicious cycle by creating a supply of raw materials in the country and reducing cost of import.

2.    Objectives

 2.1.        Main Objective

The primary objective of this ToR is to conduct general assessment on Ethiopian waste economy, identify feasible economic opportunities through assessing global trends and draw lessons from international best experience.

2.2.        Specific objectives:-

·       Assess current status of waste from an economic perspective in Ethiopia;

·       Assess international trends and identify opportunities for Ethiopia based on other countries’ experiences (including case studies); and

·       Identify and stock-take stakeholders and initiatives at government, private and development sector levels.

 3.    Scope of work

The scope of this proposed work includes the following: –

·       Assess all categories of solid waste (like plastic waste, e-waste, food waste, agricultural waste, etc.) and amount of solid waste generation in Ethiopia

·       Identify economic potential of waste economy (in terms of job creation, revenue streams, import substitutions, forex saving, productivity, etc ). This analysis must locate Ethiopian waste sector industry in a global context and draw lessons from best practices in similar economies.

·       Conduct SWOT analysis of the waste sector – based on extensive stakeholder consultation experts from various organizations (local and international); public sector and waste sector value chain participants.

·       Comprehensive review and analysis of the waste sector legal framework; policy gaps and conflicts/inter-linkages with other policies/frameworks from other departments and economic sectors (locally and internationally).

·       Conduct interviews with key stakeholders within the waste economy to extract information, data, identify case studies and best practice, which will help build the case and inform the current situation of the waste management sector in Ethiopia.

·       Identify stakeholder mapping in waste economy, document profile of major players and initiatives (including donors, implementers, initiatives, focus, etc) which consists public, private and international players.

·       Convene focused stakeholder meetings/workshops to assess and strengthen the analysis of the sector

 4.    Expected Deliverables

The Service Provider would be expected to provide the following deliverables:

·    An inception report, which outline detailed process and assessment methodology

·   Assessment report of status of waste from an economic perspectives and list of identified economic opportunities.

·  Identified stakeholders (government, private, development organization, etc) and summary of waste management initiatives in Ethiopia.

·    Planned stakeholder meeting and draft agenda

 5.    Qualification

·       A firm that has a pool of experts with minimum of Master’s Degree in a relevant discipline such as waste economy, econometrics, environment sciences, sustainable development and waste management and other related fields, or equivalent qualifications.

·       Minimum 10 years work experience in the plastic industry, circular economy and/or waste management and working with government partners as well as other stakeholders (private sector, development partners, and civil society organizations).

·       Knowledge of Ethiopian’s environmental laws, policies and programmes, as well as waste and plastic management issues at national, local and community levels, both in the formal and informal sectors